After the crude oil is separated from natural gas, pipelines transport the oil to another carrier or directly to a refinery.
Petroleum products then travel from the refinery to market by tanker, truck, railroad tank car, or pipeline.
The existence of vertical, horizontal and multiple distribution channels highlights the dynamics that characterize the structure of distribution channels.
This enables logistics service providers to design and operate their own distribution network.
The supplier of logistics, distribution and marketing services of the petroleum products must define the function of each member of this network regardless of their object of activity.